Rajasthan, the state of the Indian dessert, is the largest state of Indian Republic in terms of area. It includes a large portion of the Thar Dessert known as the Great Indian Dessert. The dessert has an edge paralleling the Sutlej-Indus river valley along its border with Pakistan. Rajasthan is surrounded by Pakistan from the west, Gujarat from the southwest, Madhya Pradesh from the southeast, Uttar Pradesh and Haryana from the northeast and Punjab from the north. Rajasthan covers an area of 132,150 sq mi or 342,269 km².
The capital of Rajasthan is the pink city, Jaipur. The geographical features of Rajasthan include the Thar Desert which is the north-western part and the ending portions of the Ghaggar River near the archaeological ruins at Kalibanga. These ruins are the oldest in the subcontinent discovered so far. One of the world's oldest mountain ranges, the Aravalli Range, cradles the only hill station of Rajasthan, Mount Abu, and its world-famous Dilwara Temples, a sacred pilgrimage for Jains. Eastern Rajasthan has two national tiger reserves, Ranthambore and Sariska, as well as Keoladeo National Park near Bharatpur, once famous for its bird life.
Rajasthan was formed on 30 March 1949, when all erstwhile princely states ruled by Rajputs, known as Rajputana, merged into the Dominion of India. The only difference between erstwhile Rajputana and Rajasthan is that certain portions of what had been British India, in the former province of Ajmer-Merwara, were included. Portions lying geographically outside of Rajputana such as the Sumel-Tappa area were given to Madhya Pradesh.
The capital of Rajasthan is the pink city, Jaipur. The geographical features of Rajasthan include the Thar Desert which is the north-western part and the ending portions of the Ghaggar River near the archaeological ruins at Kalibanga. These ruins are the oldest in the subcontinent discovered so far. One of the world's oldest mountain ranges, the Aravalli Range, cradles the only hill station of Rajasthan, Mount Abu, and its world-famous Dilwara Temples, a sacred pilgrimage for Jains. Eastern Rajasthan has two national tiger reserves, Ranthambore and Sariska, as well as Keoladeo National Park near Bharatpur, once famous for its bird life.
Rajasthan was formed on 30 March 1949, when all erstwhile princely states ruled by Rajputs, known as Rajputana, merged into the Dominion of India. The only difference between erstwhile Rajputana and Rajasthan is that certain portions of what had been British India, in the former province of Ajmer-Merwara, were included. Portions lying geographically outside of Rajputana such as the Sumel-Tappa area were given to Madhya Pradesh.
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